Publication Ethics

This journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of academic integrity and publication ethics. All publication processes adhere to the principles of transparency, objectivity, and fairness, as recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

These publication ethics outline the responsibilities of Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher throughout the scholarly publishing process.

1. Duties of Authors

Authors are required to:

a. Originality and Plagiarism

  • Ensure that the submitted manuscript is original work.

  • Avoid plagiarism in any form.

  • Properly cite all sources in accordance with the journal’s citation style.

  • Manuscripts will be screened using plagiarism detection tools.

b. Multiple or Concurrent Publication

  • Not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously.

  • Not publish the same research in more than one outlet without proper permission.

c. Authorship

  • Include only individuals who have made significant contributions to the work.

  • All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript.

d. Data Access and Retention

  • Be willing to provide research data if requested for scholarly verification.

e. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

  • Disclose any potential conflicts of interest that may influence the interpretation of research results.

f. Fundamental Errors

  • Notify the editor promptly if a significant error is discovered after publication so that corrections or retractions can be made.

2. Duties of Editors

Editors are responsible for:

a. Publication Decisions

  • Deciding which manuscripts are suitable for publication based on scholarly merit and contribution.

  • Editorial decisions are not influenced by race, gender, religion, or political views.

b. Fair Play

  • Evaluating manuscripts objectively and professionally without conflicts of interest.

c. Confidentiality

  • Maintaining the confidentiality of all information related to submitted manuscripts.

d. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

  • Not using unpublished materials for personal advantage.

e. Handling of Misconduct

  • Taking appropriate action against suspected ethical misconduct such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or citation manipulation.

3. Duties of Reviewers

Reviewers are required to:

a. Contribution to Editorial Decisions

  • Provide objective, constructive, and scholarly evaluations.

b. Confidentiality

  • Treat all reviewed manuscripts as confidential documents.

c. Standards of Objectivity

  • Avoid personal criticism and base comments on academic arguments.

d. Acknowledgement of Sources

  • Identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors.

e. Conflict of Interest

  • Withdraw from the review process if a conflict of interest exists.

4. Duties of the Publisher

The publisher is responsible for:

  • Supporting editorial independence.

  • Safeguarding academic integrity.

  • Refraining from interference in editorial decisions.

  • Ensuring long-term digital archiving of the journal.

5. Ethical Oversight

The journal does not tolerate:

  • Plagiarism

  • Data fabrication or falsification

  • Citation manipulation

  • Abuse of the peer-review process

  • Undisclosed conflicts of interest

Any ethical violations will be handled in accordance with COPE procedures, including:

  • Author clarification

  • Article correction

  • Retraction

  • Notification of relevant institutions

6. Corrections and Retractions

  • Corrections are issued for minor errors that do not affect the core findings of the research.

  • Retractions are issued in cases of serious ethical violations or fundamental methodological errors.

  • All corrections and retractions are announced transparently.

7. Peer Review Process

The journal applies a Double-Blind Peer Review system, in which the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed throughout the evaluation process.